Blockchain Based Data Sharing System

Abstract

With the exponential increase of digital data, safe and efficient data sharing has become an important challenge. Traditional centralized systems face issues such as data violations, lack of transparency and single point of failure. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized, tampering-proof and transparent solution to share data in many stakeholders. This paper examines the architecture, benefits, challenges and potential applications of the blockchain-based data sharing system. We analyze various consensus mechanisms, smart contracts and cryptographic techniques that increase security and trust in the data exchange. Additionally, we discuss real -world implementation and future research directions in this domain.

Introduction

Data sharing is critical across fields like healthcare, finance, supply chain, and IoT, but traditional centralized systems face significant issues such as security vulnerabilities, lack of transparency, single points of failure, and privacy concerns. Blockchain technology offers a decentralized, tamper-proof, and transparent alternative by distributing data across a peer-to-peer network, eliminating central control and reducing risks of manipulation or breaches.

Key advantages of blockchain for data sharing include decentralization, immutability of records, and the use of smart contracts that automate secure and efficient data access and transactions without intermediaries. Privacy is preserved via permissioned blockchains, zero-knowledge proofs, and off-chain encrypted storage.

The literature review highlights blockchain’s rising role in managing sensitive data, with applications in healthcare (e.g., MedRec), and emphasizes smart contracts and access control models for fine-grained data governance.

Challenges remain, including scalability limits, high energy use, privacy compliance, storage constraints, interoperability, smart contract vulnerabilities, identity management, adoption hurdles, and governance issues.

The methodology involves designing and implementing a prototype system using Ethereum blockchain, Solidity smart contracts, IPFS for off-chain storage, and a React.js frontend. The system enables encrypted data uploads, on-chain metadata storage, access permission management, user requests, and audit logging to ensure security, transparency, and user control. Evaluation focuses on security, transparency, user control, efficiency, and scalability.

Conclusion

Blockchain based data sharing - systems provide a safe, transparent and efficient option for traditional centralized models. While challenges such as scalability and regulation persist, progress in consensus mechanisms and privacy-conservation techniques is paving the way for widespread adoption. Future research should focus on adaptation of performance and ensuring compliance with global data protection laws. In today\'s digital age, safe and efficient distribution of data for the operation and progress of numerous areas including healthcare, finance, supply chain, education and more is essential. Traditional data sharing systems, which depend very much on central architects, have shown more and more their limitations - especially in terms of breach of data, lack of transparency and inadequate user control. The emergence of blockchain technology gives a pattern of how the data can be operated and shared in a decentralized, secure and transparent way. This article examined the core concepts, architecture and applications of blockchain-based data sharing systems. The basic strength of blockchain lies in it’s can enforce granular access controls and automate permission management, and ensure that data is only divided under agreed conditions. ability to maintain an unchanging, distributed main book that provides verifiable and tamper fast records of all data transactions. By eliminating the need for centralized intermediaries, blockchain improves confidence among participants, even in environments where parties may not completely trust each other. Through the integration of smart contracts, computer owners This paper explores these opportunities in depth, analyzing architectures, use cases, and emerging trends that will shape the future of data sharing.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 Gaurav Kumar, Gulfam Khan, Kamran Khan, Anmol Mishra, Dr. Abdul Alim, Ms. Arti Attri, Dr. Sureshwati . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.